Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a set of coordinated strategies aimed at optimizing the use of antibiotics to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), improve patient outcomes, and reduce adverse effects associated with antibiotic misuse. It ensures antibiotics are used only when necessary, in the right dose, for the correct duration, and targeting the specific pathogen.
Key principles of AMS include:
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Right Diagnosis: Effective AMS begins with accurate diagnosis. This includes determining whether the infection is bacterial, as antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections.
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Appropriate Selection: Choosing the most effective, narrow-spectrum antibiotic minimizes the risk of developing resistance. Broad-spectrum antibiotics should be reserved for severe or unclear infections.
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Correct Dosage and Duration: Administering the correct dose for the appropriate length of time ensures the infection is eradicated while minimizing the risk of resistance.
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Timely Review: Regularly reassessing antibiotic therapy based on clinical progress and lab results helps refine treatment.
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Education and Collaboration: Training healthcare workers and engaging patients about the risks of antibiotic misuse are essential.
By adhering to these principles, healthcare providers can preserve the efficacy of antibiotics, protect public health, and slow the spread of AMR worldwide.